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Cavitation
Phenomenon deriving from an unstable power supply. This forms vapor-filled cavities in the liquid being transported accompanied by noisy vibrations, a reduction of the pump’s flow rate and performance due to the quick passage through the pump of tiny vapor bubbles which collapse thus generating micro-bursts which could cause even serious damage.

Centrifugal pumps

Turbo-machines used to increase a liquid’s energy through the rotation of a bladed impeller. The name “centrifugal pump” is generally limited to pumps with a radial and semi-axial thrust, meaning those pumps in which the liquid goes through the impeller in a radial or semi-axial way, as opposed to axial flow pumps where the liquid goes through the impeller axially.
It works through the rotary motion of an impeller inside the pump body. The impeller, which turns at a high speed, throws the sucked up water outwards thanks to the centrifugal force generated therein, and channels the liquid in the fixed body and then in the delivery pipe. The centrifugal pump converts a moving source’s energy first into speed and then in pressure energy. It moves a liquid by increasing its pressure through the centrifugal effect.
Inside the hermetic chamber, with an inlet and outlet side, there is the impeller, the pump’s rotating element, which converts the motor’s energy into energy. The impeller is fixed to the pump-shaft, directly fixed to the motor’s transmission shaft or coupled to it with a joint.
The liquid enters the pump body, and the centrifugal force produced by the impeller’s builds up the energy which is then transformed into flow and discharge head.
At the same time, the centrifugal force causes a depression capable of sucking up the liquid to be pumped.
The pump is connected to the delivery pipe in which the liquid is channeled so as to reach the outside of the pump.
The centrifugal pump’s operation also depends on the way the liquid is sucked up.
Installation below the liquid level: the pump is placed at a lower level than that from which the liquid is drawn so that it enters the pump without any difficulty.
Self-priming installation: the pump is placed above the level than that from which the liquid is drawn and which must therefore by sucked-up: the pump and the pipe leading to it must be previously primed, meaning that it must be filled with liquid.
The centrifugal system does not take up too much space, it can be easily operated with all types of electric motors and it can be easily adapted to all liquid treatment problems with simple adjustments for the different conditions of use.